Prime-Boost Approach

  • The prime-boost regimens have been shown to be an effective approach to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. Homologous prime-boost strategy contains the same formulation used in both the prime and boost regimens. Heterologous prime-boost approaches involve different formulations used in more than one injection.

Obstacles of tumor vaccines

  • Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME)

  • Resistance to tumor vaccines
  • Vaccine + OV:
    Heterologous Prime-Boost

  • Intratumoral OV to BOOST anti-tumor immunity by